Internal-combustion engine



A. J. PLEGAT.

INTERNAL comsusnow ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT.13. 19I9.

1,373,26 1 Patented Mar. 29, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET l.

A.'l. PLEGAT.

INTERNAL CQMBUSTION ENGINE. APFLlCATlON FiLED 06113, 1919.

L3?3,Q61 Q P tented Mar. 29, 1921.

2 SHEETS SHEET 2.

Fig.4.

inqemlii .J figgafi? of two opposed movable cylinders, each" cyl- U i T P TE T QFFEcY ALPHONSE zrosnri-r PL'EGAT, OF-UALEXANDRIA', EGYPT.

m'rnnnnn-connnsmon ENGINE.

To all whom itmay concern:

Be it known that I, ALrHoNsn'JosnrH PLI JGAT, a citizenof theFrench Republic, andreslding at Alexandria, Egypt, have invented new and useful Improvements in In ternal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine which is character-1" ized by the fact that, if an element of this engine 1s considered, said element-consisting inder forms one piece withthe piston of the opposed cylinder. The engine may work on either the t'woor four-stroke cycle. The engine is a rotary engine when the crankshaftnis stationary and isof the fixed typewhen the crankshaft rotates and the casing of the engine is fixed to a base. Avalvegear, provided in one or in two cylindrical recessesparallel to'the axis of the cylinder and formed either inside the piston o rlat erally of the cylinder, controls the runningof the engine.

- The invention is'shown by way of example, but purely indicatively and in no way its respective cylinder 0, c

limitatively, in the accompanying drawing inwhich: i Figure l represents the combinationof one cylinder with the piston opposed -there-' to- Y Y I Fig. 2is a partial section showing the en-' gine at the end of its stroke, at thebegin ning of the expansion period, the piston car'- rying'the valve gear, and the engine-shaft being in two parts, each fixed to a station-- ary support, the engine in this case being shown as a rotary one. I

Fig. 3 is a partial'longitudinal section of the same constructional form, the engine being atthe end of its stroke at thegbegi'nningof the exhaust period; Fig.4: is a View of a modificatlon. Fig. 5 a View of another modification. Fig. 6 a view-015a further modification.

' On referenceto Fig. 1 it will be seen that the cylinder 0 forms one with the opposite piston "70 owing to 'two lateral extens ons 0 9 this beingyarranged in such a manner as to allow each piston gaff-to be fitted into "Each piston is guided, as shown in Figs.

5 Specification of Letters latent. I Patented 3 13 29, 1921, Application fi led October 13, 1919. Serial no. 330,213. i I i 2 and 3, by a crank-pin, and the crank-pins of the two pistons are spaced at an angle to each other of 180 so that expansion takes efiect upon two movable faces and has a simultaneous and concerted action at the two extremltles of a d ameter of the circle of the cranks. As the piston and the cylinder move 1n oppos1te directions, they give in combination a stroke equal totwice this diameter of the cranks. 5

tion, of a tubejar, connected by means of a ringer to the bearing of the engineshaft, or

attached by means of bolts, for example, to

the wall of the casing a, a within which the cylinder 0 slides. Within the tube a is mounted a cylindrical member 79 havinga.

" long segments fixed to one of its extremities and terminating at the outerend in a rod .wh ch again termlnates lna' crank t. This crank engages in a groove runningraround the ring 9, which latter rotates around the engine-shaft at a speed reduced in the de sired ratio,"owing; to the fact that the ring g'carries a toothed'rim q driven by teeth which'latter form an integralpart of, or are. fixed t0, the big end of the connecting rod b; the number of these teeth being half that of the rim 9. V The ring 9 therefore'makes half a'rotation for one rotation of the crankpln. i

through the hollow shaft (land through the.

orifices e. If desired, the passage a -can be placed in direct communication with the carbureter by means of a connection on the hollow shaft of the engine, oragain, through the wall of thecasing a, a in the case'of a fixed engine. During the *two following The segment 3 constitutes ahollow rotatstrokes the segment is so positioned that the port Z is covered, thereby allowing compression and expansion to take place in thecylinder. Finally, during theexhaust stroke,

phere.

see Fig. 3, the segment 8 uncovers the'port Z which is in communication with the pas-' sagea formed in the tubea andcommuniicating with the atmosphere. The cylindrical body 19 carries the sparking'plug 7". r r 7 According to another form of execution, which is shownin Fig. 4, the piston carries two cylindrical recesses parallel to it's axis instead of one, in cache]? which there is mounteda tube fixed to the outer casing of the engine. One of these tubes carries the suction valve and" is in'co'mmunication with the carbureter, while the other, which carries the exhaust valve actuated by cam,

communicates with the atmosphere, 7

The distributing devices may also be fitted laterally on the cylinder '0, as indicated in" Fig. 5, and this arrangement is also within the scope of the inventlon. r I Referring to Fig. 4, the tube has two internal cylindricalrecesses 0 and One of these recesses c whichreceives the suction valve 8 communicates with the crank-cham her from which comes the gaseous mixture. The other recess 0 which contains the exhaust valve 8 communicates with the atmos These valves, 8 and s are actuated by the cam 9 having a two-fold acting surface and driven atv a reduced speed the connecting rod end I).

. In the modification shown inkFig. 5, the

cylinder 0 hasIa lateral cylindrical recess ,0

parallel to its axisandin constant communi cation with the'interior of the cylinder. In

this recess, there is fitted a valve gear simi-I lar to that described in Figs. 2 andfid, except for the fact that the grooved ring (ff which rotates at a reduced speed about-"the shaft d? of' the engine is not driven at this reduced speed by the connecting rodend b.

A toothed wheel whose axis g' 'is fixed on the outer casing of the engine andis en: gaged by teeth fixed around the'shaft d meshes in its turn with aninner toothed rim on the ring 9 which carries a number of teeth equal to twice the number of teeth carried by the shaft (Z of the engine.

Referring to Fig. 6, the cylinder in this case has twolateral cylindrical recesses 0 0 in constant communication with the interior of the cylinder and each containing a tube a, a fixed to the outer casing of the engine. One of these tubes, a, which contains the suction valve 8 communicates with the carbureter; the other tube, of, which contains the exhaust valve s -communicates with the atmosphere. The valves .8 and s are actuated at the desired instant by a cam 9 forming a ring rotating about the engine shaft at a speed-which is reduced inthe same-way as that of the ring 9 shown in Fig- 5.

7 In case the engine is fixed by the casing to a base, the crank-shaft may be made of a single piece. I

I claim: 7 1 it Q 1. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing, a pair of cylinders adapted ,tomove toward andhawa'y from each other in said casing, a piston working in each cylinder, each piston being rigid with the opposed cylinder, a crank-shaft about which said casing can rotate, means for connecting said pistons to said crank-shaft, a tube mounted in each piston having an admission and exhaust passage to and from the cylinder, a segment mounted in said tube" havingan aperture adapted to" register with said admission and-exhaustpassages, and

means operated by themovement of the pistons for actuating said segment. 7 2. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing, a pair of cylinders adapted to move toward and away from each other in said casing, a piston working in each cyl inder, each piston being rigidly connected I to its opposed cylinder, a crank-shaft about which thecasing can rotate, a rod connecting each piston to said crank-shaft, a toothed r1m rotatable on said shaft, sald rim having a cam-groove cut therein, teeth on said connecting .rod ends meshing with said toothed,-

rim, the respective numbers of the teeth be ing in the desired ratio, a tube mounted in each piston having an admission and exhaust passage to and from the cylinder, a.

segment mounted. in said tube having .an

aperture tor registering at suitable times; with said admisslon and exhaust passages.

and a crank engaging in said cam groove and connected to said segment.

8. An internal COD1l)1lSt1OIl engine comprising a casing, a pair of cylinders adapted;

to move toward and away from eachother in said casing, a piston working in each cylinder, each piston being rigidly connected to;

its opposed cylinder,.a crank shaft about which the casing can rotate, a rod connect ingeach plston to said crank-shaft, a toothed rim rotatable on said shaft, said rim havinders adapted to move toward and away' from each other in said casing, a.,.piston working in each cy1inder, each piston'being ing a cam-groove cut therein, teeth on said:

connecting, rod ends meshing with said hars er rigid with the opposed cylinder, a crank shaft rotatably mounted in said casing, means for connecting said pistons to said crank shaft, a valve-member mounted in each piston, and means actuated by the motion of the pistons for moving said valve member to distribute the working fluid.

5. An internal combustion engine com; prising a stationary casing, a pair of cylinders adapted to move toward and away from each other in said casing, a piston working in each cylinder, each piston being rigid with the opposed cylinder, a crankshaft rotatably mounted in said casing, means for connecting said pistons to said crank-shaft, a tube mounted in each piston,

6. An internal combustion engine comprising a stationary casing, a pair of cylinders adapted to move toward and away from each other in said casing, a piston working in each cylinder, each piston being rigidly connected to its opposed cylinder, a crank-shaft rotatably mounted in said casing, a rod connecting each piston to said crank-shaft, a toothed rim keyed on said shaft, said rim having a cam-groove cut said cam-groove and connected to said segment. c

7. An internal-combustion engine comprising a stationary casing, a pair of cylinders adapted to move toward and away from each other in said casing, a piston working in each cylinder, each piston being rigidly connected to its opposed cylinder, a

crank-shaft rotatably mounted in said casing, a rod connecting each piston to said crank-shaft, a toothed rim keyed to said shaft, said rim having a cam-groove cuttherein, teeth on said connecting rod ends, meshing with said toothed rim, the respective numbers of teeth being in the desired ratio, a tube mounted in each piston having an admission and an exhaust passage to'and from the cylinder, a segment mounted in said tube having an aperture adapted to registerv ment.

ALPHONSE JOSEPH PLEGAT. 

